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Leucine (Leu) participates in the activity of cationic  amino acid (aa) transporters. Also, branched-chain aa [Leu, isoleucine (Ile),  and valine (Val)] share intestinal transporters for absorption. We conducted an  experiment with 16 young pigs (body weight of about 16 kg) to determine whether  Leu and Ile affect expression of aa transporters b(0,+) and CAT-1 in the jejunum and expression of myosin in  muscle, as well as serum concentration of essential aa, and growth performance  in pigs. Dietary treatments were: wheat-based diets fortified with Lys, Thr,  and Met; basal diet plus 0.50% Leu; basal diet plus 0.50% Ile, and basal diet  plus 0.50% Leu and 0.50% Ile. After 28 days, the pigs were sacrificed to collect  blood, jejunum, and semitendinosus and longissimus muscle samples. The effects  of single and combined addition of Leu and Ile were analyzed. Leu alone or  combined with Ile significantly decreased daily weight gain and reduced feed  conversion. Leu and Ile, alone or in combination, significantly decreased  expression of b(0,+) and significantly increased CAT-1. Ile  alone or combined with Leu significantly decreased myosin expression in  semitendinosus and significantly decreased it in longissimus muscle. Leu alone  significantly decreased Lys, Ile and Thr serum concentrations; Ile significantly  decreased Thr serum concentration; combined Leu and Ile significantly decreased  Thr and significantly increased Val serum concentration. We conclude that  dietary levels of Leu and Ile affect growth performance, expression of aa  transporters and myosin, and aa serum concentrations in pigs.

genetics and molecular research

Supplemental leucine and isoleucine affect expression of cationic amino acid transporters and myosin, serum concentration of amino acids, and growth performance of pigs