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Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are  involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. However, whether KIR  polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis was  unknown. We examined a possible association of KIR polymorphism with susceptibility  to pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese Han. We analyzed 15 KIR genes in 109  pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 110 healthy controls using  sequence-specific primer PCR analysis of genomic DNA. We found that the  frequencies of KIR2DS1, 2DS3 and 3DS1 were significantly higher in patients  than in the control group. In addition, the number of subjects carrying more  than two activating KIR genes in the patient group was significantly higher  than in the control group. The gene cluster containing KIR3DS1-2DL5-2DS1-2DS5  was also significantly more frequent in the patient group. In conclusion, KIR  genes 2DS1, 2DS3 and 3DS1 appear to be associated with resistance to pulmonary  tuberculosis in the Chinese Han population. KIR genes apparently have a role in  resistance to pulmonary tuberculosis.

Association of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors with pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese Han