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Fifty-seven  proteobacterium species were successfully isolated from soils of Barrientos  Island of the Antarctic using 11 different isolation media. Analysis of 16S  rDNA sequencing of these isolates showed that they belonged to eight different  genera, namely Bradyrhizobium, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Caulobacter, Paracoccus, Ralstonia, Rhizobium, and Staphylococcus.  All isolates were studied for capability of producing antimicrobial and antifungal  secondary metabolites using high-throughput screening models. Approximately 23  (13/57) and 2% (1/57) of isolates inhibited growth of Candida albicans ATCC  10231(T) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 51650(T),  respectively. These results indicated that proteobacterium species isolates  from Antarctic could serve as potential source of useful bioactive metabolites.  Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR fingerprinting  produced nine clusters and 13 single isolates, with a high D value of 0.9248.  RAPD fingerprinting produced six clusters and 13 single isolates, with a  relatively low D value of 0.7776. ERIC-PCR analysis proved to have better  discrimination capability than RAPD analysis and generated better clustering  for all proteobacterium species isolates. We conclude that ERIC-PCR is a  robust, reliable and rapid molecular typing method for discriminating different  genera of proteobacteria.

Analysis of Antarctic proteobacteria by PCR fingerprinting and screening for antimicrobial secondary metabolites