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Pinellia  ternata is an important traditional Chinese medicinal plant.  Its different populations in China have various ploidy levels, based on x =  13, as well as extensive aneuploid series. The microsporogenesis process was  observed in specimens from three populations from three regions of Hubei  Province; they were characterized by normal and abnormal meiotic divisions in  pollen mother cells (PMCs) at all stages simultaneously. Meiotic abnormalities  including univalents/multivalents, chromosomal laggards/bridges and micronuclei  appeared in about 50% of the PMCs, together with abnormal cytokinesis.  Chromatin/chromosome transfer between meiocytes occurred only during the first  division, at low frequency; this might contribute to these meiotic  abnormalities. Although the remaining 50% of the PMCs presented normal  cytological behavior, pollen fertility was only about 2%. These results provide  cytological explanations for its low seed-set and the general use of asexual  reproduction through tubers and bulbils; it also explains the wide variations  in chromosome number.

Abnormal male meiosis explains pollen sterility in the polyploid medicinal plant Pinellia ternata (Araceae)