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Qualitative  trait loci (QTL) for growth and meat quality traits in cattle (Bos taurus)  have been previously mapped to three chromosome regions, 0 to 30, 55 to 70, and  70 to 80 cM on chromosome 5. We evaluated the allele frequencies and  gene-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of bovine myogenic factor  5 (MyF-5) in the QTL regions and their associations with live weight and meat  characteristics in indigenous Chinese cattle breeds. PCR-SSCP methodology  showed a T&gt;A mutation at 526 bp. Least square analysis revealed a  significant association of this SNP with backfat thickness and meat tenderness  (P &lt; 0.05), while no significant association was found with live weight,  loin eye height, loin eye area, rib area, or water holding capacity. Allele  frequencies of MyF-5-A/B in the five breeds were 0.760/0.239, 0.752/0.247,  0.629/0.370, 0.715/0.284, and 0.750/0.250, for JiaXian red, Luxi, Nanyang,  Qinchuan, and XiaNan crossbreed, respectively. The genotype distributions for  these alleles in two of the Chinese cattle breeds (Luxi and Qinchuan) were not  in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P &lt; 0.05); while those for the other three  breeds (JiaXian red, Nanyang, and XiaNan) were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg  equilibrium (P &gt; 0.05). The genotypic frequencies among all five cattle  breeds showed moderate diversity (0.25 &lt; polymorphism information content  &lt; 0.5). Based on our findings, we suggest that the MyF-5 gene influences  back fat thickness and meat tenderness in Chinese Bos taurus. This SNP  could be useful for marker-assisted selection for meat quality traits in these  cattle.

Back fat thickness and meat tenderness are associated with a 526 T→A mutation in the exon 1 promoter region of the MyF-5 gene in Chinese Bos taurus