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Objective: Kanazawa University introduced the da Vinci surgical system and the Radius surgical system. In this study, we compared the advantages and disadvantages of each system. Methods: The da Vinci system is a master-slave tele-manipulation system, which provides hi-resolution 3D images. The Radius system is pair of hand-guided surgical manipulators. In this study we focus on the operability of both instruments rather than their 3D optical systems. Results: The Radius was originally developed specifically focused on ligation and suturing with suture sizes bigger than 4-0, it is more effective, less expensive compared with the da Vinci. Although the da Vinci system is bulky, it allows surgeons to perform endoscopic surgeries only if ports are properly placed to prevent each arm from colliding with the other arms. A crucial difference between the Radius and the da Vinci is not limited to anastomose small vessels but is extended to multidirectional dissection. Currently, the cost including initial investment is the biggest issue; however, the da Vinci is absolutely necessary to implement delicate cardiac surgeries endoscopically and less-invasively. Early approval of robotic surgery by the government is urgently required in Japan. Conclusions: Although both the da Vinci and the Radius have endoscopic instruments with a multi-degree of freedom, applications need to be differentiated depending on the procedures and indications. Therefore, it can be clearly said that these unique innovative systems will never compete against each other

The da Vinci Surgical System versus the Radius Surgical System