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High-organic (mucky) mineral soils make a small proportion of the Canadian agricultural land but are highly productive, especially for organic farming. Although these high-quality soils may release large amounts of nitrate and phosphate to the environment, there is yet no reliable agro-environmental indicator for managing N and P compared to the adjacent mineral and organic soils. Our objective was to quantify the N mineralization and P environmental risks of mucky mineral soils. Nine Canadian soil series (eight Orthic Humic Gleysols and one Terric Humisol with three variants) were analyzed for texture, pH(CaCl2), total C and N, oxalate and Mehlich-III (M-III) extractable P, Al and Fe, and water extractable P (Pw). Soil texture varied from loamy sand to heavy clay, organic carbon (OC) content ranged from 14 to <st1:chmetcnv unitname="g" sourcevalue="392" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on">392 g</st1:chmetcnv>·OC·kg-1, total N from 1.21 to <st1:chmetcnv unitname="g" sourcevalue="16.38" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on">16.38 g</st1:chmetcnv>·N·kg-1, and degree of P saturation (DPSM-III) as molar (P/[Al + γFe])M-III percentage between 0.3% and 11.3%. After 100 d of incubation, soils released 31 to 340 mg·N·kg-1. The N mineralization rate was closely correlated to organic matter content (r = 0.91, p < 0.01). <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Sandy</st1:place></st1:city> to loamy soils released 1.2 - <st1:chmetcnv unitname="kg" sourcevalue="1.8" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on">1.8 kg</st1:chmetcnv>·N·ha-1·d-1 compared to 1.6 - <st1:chmetcnv unitname="kg" sourcevalue="2.4" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on">2.4 kg</st1:chmetcnv>·N·ha-1·d-1 for clayey soils, 2.0 - <st1:chmetcnv unitname="kg" sourcevalue="2.8" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on">2.8 kg</st1:chmetcnv>·N·ha-1·d-1 for mucky clayey soils and 2.6 - <st1:chmetcnv unitname="kg" sourcevalue="2.7" hasspace="True" negative="False" numbertype="1" tcsc="0" w:st="on">2.7 kg</st1:chmetcnv>·N·ha-1·d-1 for Humisol. For (P/[Al + 3Fe])M-III ratios of mucky clayey soils below 4.5%, water-extractable P did not exceed threshold of 9.7 mg Pw L-1. Mucky clayey soils could be managed for N similarly to Humisol and for P with (P/[Al + 3Fe])M-III percentage not exceeding 4.5%.<o:p></o:p> </p

Phosphate and Nitrate Release from Mucky Mineral Soils