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The nephroblastoma is the third pediatric cancer inMali, this study aimed to describe the prevalence and prognosis ofnephroblastoma relapses. Methods: It was a descriptive retrospectivestudy over a 10-year period from January2005 to March 2015. We collected children aged 0 to 15 years followed forrelapse of nephroblastoma in the pediatric oncology unit of university hospitalcenter (UHC) Gabriel Toure. Results: The frequency of relapse ofnephroblastoma was 7.4% (19 cases) whose mean age was 42 months with a sexratio of 1.3. The relapse occurred before the end of the postoperative coursein 16% of cases (3 patients). It was local recurrence in 52% of cases (10patients), pulmonary 16% (3 patients), and hepatic 11% (2 patients). According to the SIOP classification, 47% ofpatients were diagnosed in stage III (9 patients) and 21% (4 patients) in stageIV. The tumor was high risk in 37%. Palliative chemotherapy was performed in63% of the patients (12 patients) and the remaining seven were put on a highrisk diet. The overall survival at 5 years was 21% or 4 patients. Conclusion: Our results showed all the difficulties in the management of nephroblastomarelapses in our context.

Prevalence and Prognosis of Relapse of Nephroblastoma at the Pediatric Oncology Unit of Bamako