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Since road transport is a dominant necessity for the overall economic development of any nation, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been conducted on the soil environmental component to evaluate the effect of the activities of road construction on the project area. The main purpose was to identify any potential significant environmental effects due to the proposed project and proffer mitigation/ameliorative measures. The electrical conductivity value of this soil is non saline. These values are within the tolerance levels for plant growth. The exchangeable cations (bases) (Ca, Mg, Na and K) of the soils of the study area are high and the exchange complex is dominated by Ca (surface soils, 3.54 cmol·kg1; subsoils, 3.44 cmol·kg1 soil), followed by Mg (surface soils, 1.52 cmol·kg1; subsoils, 2.55 cmol·kg1), K (surface soils 0.12 cmol·kg1; subsoils, 0.11 cmol·kg1) and Na (surface soils, 0.06 cmol·kg1; subsoils, 0.16 cmol·kg1). The percent saturation of basic cations on the sorption sites of the soil micelles which is forced into soil solution where they are assimilated is above 70%. The only notable challenge in this soil area is that potassium availability to plant has been shown to be limited by excessive quantities of exchangeable calcium. The beneficial impact from activities of road construction project is mostly socio-economical. The non-beneficial impacts as it pertains to soil resources include: land uptake and destruction of farmlands, land traffic generation, waste generation, soil pollution and runoff during construction.

Environmental Mitigation Measures Critical during Construction and Operational Stages of Road Network in Uyo