English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Glutamate, the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system, can induce biophotonic activity and transmission in mouse brain slices. As a signaling molecule, aspartate is not considered to be an independent neurotransmitter during the long evolution process, which may be just a co-transmitter or neuromodulator. In the view of structure and physiological similarities of aspartate and glutamate, as well as some differences between them, we attempted to investigate whether aspartate could also induce biophotonic activity in mouse brain slices and its effect characteristics. The ultraweak biophoton imaging system (UBIS) was used to carry out a real-time observation of biophoton activity induced by aspartate in mouse brain slices. It was found that the biophotonic emissions induced by aspartate at different concentrations (12.5 mM, 25 mM and 50 mM) presented concentration-dependent effects and 50 mM aspartate could obviously induce biophoton activities with the characteristic changes of initiation, maintenance, washing and reapplication, which were also different from that induced by 50 mM glutamate as reported before. Considering the species differences in excitatory neurotransmitters, these findings indicate that aspartate-induced biophotonic activity may imply the evolutionary differences in the animal brains.

The Characteristics of Biophotonic Activity Induced by Aspartate May Be Related to the Evolution of Species