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By analyzing the Einstein-box thought experiment with the principle ofrelativity, it is shown that Abraham's light momentum and energy in a mediumcannot constitute a Lorentz four-vector, and they consequentially break globalmomentum and energy conservation laws. In contrast, Minkowski's momentum andenergy always constitute a Lorentz four-vector no matter whether in a medium orin vacuum, and the Minkowski's momentum is the unique correct light momentum. Amomentum-associated photon mass in a medium is exposed, which explains why onlythe Abraham's momentum is derived in the traditional "center-of-mass-energy"approach. The EM boundary-condition matching approach, combined with Einsteinlight-quantum hypothesis, is proposed to analyze this thought experiment, andit is found for the first time that only from Maxwell equations without resortto the relativity, the correctness of light momentum definitions cannot beidentified. Optical pulling effect is studied as well.

Can the Abraham Light Momentum and Energy in a Medium Constitute a Lorentz Four-Vector?