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In this work, by the use of several physico-chemical complementary methods for the characterization of soil (diffraction of x-rays, chemical analysis, density, cationic exchange capacity, specific sur faces, m?ssbauer, granulometry, etc.), the smectite of the three clayey localities of Benin (Gbedji-Kotovi, Massi-Sehoue and Zogbodomey) was notably studied. Thus, these three sites principally contain principally smectite, kaolinite and quartz in variable proportion. This smectite is a beidellite. Its chemical formula is proposed. The specific surfaces and the cationic exchange capacity of the samples are determined. For these samples, the fraction lower than 2 μm is practically beidellitic for Gbedji-Kotovi and Massi-Sehoue (more than 82% of beidellite) and practically kaolinitic (70% of kaolinite) for Zogbodomey. So, used as additive food to ruminant, the clay of Gbedji-Kotovi and Massi-Sehoue will induce an enteric reduction of methane more than clay of Zogbodomey.

Characterization of Clay of the Benin Used in Ruminale Feeding. Complete Determination of the Smectites Contained in These Clays