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With nearly 100 million inhabitants, Vietnam is at an historic crossroadsof spatial and demographic change that will shape it for the decades to come.The country’s urban population has effectively reached 37%, with an annualgrowth rate of around 3%. This rapid urbanization process for a country that isstill predominantly rural is mainly taking place in its two major metropolises—Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi—and is spreading from North to South alongthe sea via several large agglomerations. In the South, this growth isprimarily occurring in the Mekong Delta region. This phenomenon is intrinsicallylinked to the country’s political and economic opening, which began in the late1980s with the Doi Moi. This boom has continued since that time thanks tohighly diversified industrial production, the exportation of agricultural andmanufactured products, and the proliferation of offerings and businesses in theservice sector. In the field of urban studies, little is known about thedynamics of small and medium-sized cities and their function as intermediatecities in their regions. Our case study explored Chau Doc in the An Giangprovince, at the intersection of the Bassac and Chau Doc rivers (branches ofthe Mekong) along the Cambodian border. The city has experienced remarkablegrowth in recent years, mainly due to religious tourism. In fact, of the morethan 7 million visitors come to Chau Doc over the course of the year, less than5% are foreigners. It is also a commercial and administrative center that sellsagricultural products for the whole region. According to interviews conductedthere with both administrative authorities and the general population, the cityis facing serious water issues (sanitation, water contamination, flooding) aswell as problems in terms of garbage collection, recycling and trafficcongestion, among others. Solutions to these and other issues must beimplemented in medium and long-term planning, which should translate a visionof continuous growth for cities’ futures. Public authorities are interested butdo not have the tools necessary to control the situation. For this reason, weargue in favor of working on urban development of intermediate cities such asChau Doc based on Local Sustainable Development Indicators (SDI), drawinginspiration from various experiments conducted around the world, in the future.While these indicators have been accepted by the Vietnamese authorities, theyare generally applied at the national level. However, if used as the first toolof innovative urban planning, they would enable cities to develop plans andinitiatives based on rational and objective criteria.

current urban studies

Local Sustainable Development Indicators and Urbanization in Vietnam, What Are the Good Questions? The Case of the City of Chau Doc in the Mekong Delta