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The in vitro antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activity of the aqueous extract, the 80% methanol extract, and its different soluble fractions and subfractions from Brucea sumatrana seeds were assessed against two Trypanosoma (T. cruzi and T. brucei brucei), Leishmania infantum and chloroquine and pyrimethanine-resistant K1strain of P. falciparum and against MRC-5 cell-lines respectively. Results indicated that the 80% methanol extract showed a cytotoxic effect against MRC-5 cell lines with CC50 value of 0.54 µg/ml. It however exhibited pronounced and non selective activity against T. cruzi (IC50 = 1.52 µg/ml, SI = 0.03) and L. infantum (IC50 = 2.41 µg/ml, SI = 0.22). It however displayed pronounced and selective effect against T. brucei brucei (IC50 < 0.25, SI > 2.16) and chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum (IC50 < 0.25 µg/ml, SI > 2.16). All soluble fractions and subfractions from the partition of the 80% methanol extract were found to exhibit an antiprotozoal activity with IC50 values ranging from <0.25 to 30 µg/ml. The most active was the alkaline aqueous soluble fraction exhibiting pronounced antiprotozoal activity against T .cruzi, T. b. brucei, L. infantum and chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum with IC50 values of 0.33, <0.25, 0.25, <0.25 µg/ml respectively resulting in high selective index values of 61.36, > 81, 81 and >81 respectively. The chloroform soluble fraction rich in alkaloid was cytotoxic against MRC-5 cell lines (CC50 = 27.09 µg/ml) and showed good activity against T. b. brucei (IC50 = 8.36 and SI = 3.24) and moderate activity against T. cruzi, L. infantum and chloroquine-pyrimethane-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum (20 < IC50 < 30 µg/ml). Although the aqueous extract (decoction) and the total alkaloids extract showed a cytotoxic effect against MRC-5 cell lines (CC50 = 1.55 and 0.43 µg/ml respectively), they however displayed pronounced antiprotozoal activity against T. cruzi, T. b. brucei and chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum with IC50 values ranging from < 0.25 to 0.6 µg/ml with only a selective action against chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum (SI = >6.2 and >1.72 respectively). These extracts however showed good and low activity respectively against L. infantum (IC50 = 24.05 and 6.82 µg/ml respectively)

chinese medicine

&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;In Vitro&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Antiprotozoal and Cytotoxic Activity of the Aqueous Extract, the 80% Methanol Extract and Its Fractions from the Seeds of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Brucea sumatrana&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Roxb. (Simaroubaceae) Growing in Democratic Republic of Congo