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The gene sequence encoding 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), the enzymatic target site of the herbicide glyphosate, wasdetermined for several purple nutsedge (Cyperusrotundus L.) accessions from geographically distant locations and thesewere aligned to generate a consensus sequence. The EPSPS sequences eachhad single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) only a few of which were predictedto cause an amino acid change in the EPSP synthase. None had the proline toserine substitution or other substitutions responsible for glyphosateresistance reported in other species. A dendrogram generated from the clusteranalysis of the EPSPS gene sequencesindicated similarities between accessions from Tanzania, Indonesia,California-2, Greece, Brazil, Argentina and Iran much like cluster analysis previously reported based on RAPD scores andmorphological traits possibly indicating a common genetic background or origin.Considering the differences in EPSPS sequences, the response of these purple nutsedge accessions to 0.84 kg·ae·ha-1 of glyphosate was assessed to determine whether differential tolerance waspresent. At 7 days after the first application control ranged from 9% for theaccession from Greece to 73% for the accession from Tanzania. Control ofthese accessions increased to 45% and 93% respectively by 14 days after thesecond application. The I50’s for glyphosate inhibition of growthfor four accessions from geographically distant countries (Mississippi, Brazil,Indonesia and Tanzania) were 0.21, 0.10,0.25 and 0.06 kg·ha-1, respectively, which represented a4-fold difference. The difference in sensitivity to glyphosate may be a resultof a non-target site mechanism such as differences in sequestration,translocation or cuticle thickness rather than alterations in EPSPS.

american journal of plant sciences

Variation in 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase (EPSPS) Coding Sequences and Glyphosate Response among &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Cyperus rotundus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L. Populations