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Six field studies were completed in Ontario (during2016 to 2018) to assess the tolerance of adzuki, kidney, small red and navybean to 2,4-D ester at 528 or 1056 g·ai·ha-1 applied 14, 7 and 1 day beforeseeding (PP) and 3 days after seeding (PRE). 2,4-D applied PP or PRE causedas much as 4%, 6%, 7% and 8% injury in adzuki, kidney, small red and navy(white) bean, respectively. There was an increase in bean injury as the preplant interval decreased. At 1 WAE, 2,4-Dapplied at 1056 g·ai·ha-1 14, 7 and 1 day PP and 3 days afterseeding caused up to 6%, 10%, 18% and 5% visible bean injury, respectively. Thelevel of injury decreased over time with minimal bean injury (0 to 3%) at 8WAE. Bean stand counts were similarto the non-treated control with 2,4-D applied at various timings except at 1 dayPP when 2,4-D at the 2X rate decreased bean stand 13%. There was up to 23% and43% decrease in bean dry weight with 2,4-D applied PP at 528 and 1056 g·ai·ha-1 7 and 1 day PP, respectively. Bean height (6 WAE) was not affected by 2,4-Dapplied at various timings except at 1 day PP when 2,4-D (1056 g·ai·ha-1)decreased bean height 10%. Additionally, there was no effect of 2,4-Dtreatments on bean maturity or yield. Based on these results, the safest timesto apply 2,4-D are 14 days before seeding or PRE. Injury was higher when 2,4-D was applied 7 and 1 day PP. Injury was lower in adzuki bean compared to kidney, small red or navy bean.

Responses of Dry Bean to 2,4-D Ester Applied Preplant and Preemergence