The response of elderly female fast gait to whole body vibration

xvii Chapter One – Introduction 1 1.0 Overview 2 1.1 The Disablement Process 3 1.1.1 Pathology 4 1.1.2 Impairments 4 1.1.3 Functional Limitations 4 1.1.4 Disability 5 1.1.5 Extra-Individual, Intra-Individual and Risk Factors 6 1.1.6 A Modified Model of the Disablement Process 6 1.2 Australian Ageing Demographics 7 Chapter Two Literature Review (Gait) 10 2.0 Human Gait Nomenclature 11 2.1 Gait of Older Adults 16 2.2 Issues Concerning the Reporting of Gait Data 18 Summary of Key Points 20 2.3 Mechanisms Leading to Changes in Gait 21 2.3.1 Cognition 23 2.3.2 Disease 24 2.3.3 Fall History 27 2.3.4 Sensory Components of Gait 31 2.3.5 Neuromuscular Changes 32 2.4 Exercise Interventions to Improve Gait 35