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Airborne diseases can be transmitted by infectious aerosols in the nearfield, i.e., in close proximity, or in the far field, i.e., by infectiousaerosols that are well mixed within the indoor air. Is it possible to say whichmode of disease transmission is predominant in large indoor spaces? Weaddressed this question by measuring the transport of aerosols equivalent tothe size of human respiratory particles in two large hardware stores (V>10000m$^3$). We found that aerosol concentrations in both stores decreased rapidlyand almost independently of aerosol size, despite the different ventilationsystems. A persistent and directional airflow on the order of a few cm/s wasobserved in both stores. Consequently, aerosol dynamics in such open settingscan be expected to be dominated by turbulent dispersion and sweeping, and theaccumulation of infectious aerosols in the indoor air is unlikely to contributesignificantly to the risk of infection as long as the occupancy of the store isnot too high. Under these conditions, well-fitting face masks are an excellentmeans of preventing disease transmission by human aerosols.

On the risk of infection by infectious aerosols in large indoor spaces