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The atmospheric fine particle black carbon (BC) was measured from June 2013 till February 2018 in Wanzhou District, the second largest metropolitan area in Chongqing Municipality, China, which is located in the eastern Sichuan Basin. The average daily concentration ranged from 0.5 to 10.4 µg m–3, with a mean of 4.4 ± 2.2 µg m–3, and the annual mean displayed a significantly decreasing trend, from 5.3 µg m–3 in 2013 to 3.7 µg m–3 in 2017. The frequency distribution of the average daily concentrations during the years 2014–2017 skewed toward lower values (compared to the rest of the study period), with over 60% falling between 1 and 5 µg m–3. The BC exhibited a seasonal pattern, with the highest concentrations being reported during winter, followed by spring and fall, and the lowest ones during summer, as well as a double-peaked diel variability all year round, with a morning peak occurring between 07:00 and 09:00 and an evening peak between 19:00 and 21:00. Furthermore, the concentration was negatively correlated with the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height and influenced by the strong scavenging effect of precipitation. An inverse relationship between the concentration and the wind speed was observed when the latter was below 2.0 m s–1. The wind direction also affected the concentration, with easterly and southeasterly winds accompanying higher levels of BC regardless of the season.

Five-year Record of Black Carbon Concentrations in Urban Wanzhou, Sichuan Basin, China