English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

As an important site-specific optical parameter widely used in climate models, the mass absorption efficiency (MAE) of elemental carbon (EC), varies dramatically with the source types and governs the direct radiative forcing (DRF) estimation In this study, the MAE of EC for ambient samples collected from four major emission areas in China, i.e, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area (BTH), Yangtze River Delta area (YRD), Sichuan Basin area (SB), and Pearl River Delta area (PRD), as well as emissions from burning of residential honeycomb briquette, firewood and rice straw were investigated by using a filter-based method. The annual mean MAE(EC) over the four major emission areas is 7.51 m(2)/g. MAE(EC) in BTH and YRD during summer appears significantly higher than MAE(EC) in other seasons, while seasonal variations of MAE(EC) in SB and PRD suggest MAE(EC) in summer and autumn is higher than that in winter and spring. MAE(EC) for samples from fossil fuels burning and biomass open-burning is 2.10 times higher than that from residential biofuel burning, which could be one of the reasons for the higher MAE(EC) values during the seasons heavily affected by fossil fuels burning and biomass open-burning (i.e., summer and autumn) than winter for the four locations. Difference between the measured and AeroCom median value of MAE(EC) may cause underestimation of DRFEC over the studied area by a factor of 0.13. Spatial and temporal variations of MAE(EC) would also result in underestimations of DRFEC to different degrees varying with seasons and areas.

Seasonal Variation of Mass Absorption Efficiency of Elemental Carbon in the Four Major Emission Areas in China