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Natural ventilation can be categorized into single-sided ventilation and cross-ventilation. Based on the air flow mechanism of a single-sided wind-driven natural ventilation, the effective ventilation flow rates in buildings are different from the air flow rates through openings. The mixing coefficient or ventilation efficiency is defined by the ratio of these flow rates, indicating the effective ventilating ability of a single-sided ventilation, similar to the effect of penetration depth of fresh air. This paper provides a detailed analysis of ventilation effectiveness in a building with a single opening based on numerical simulations. The simulation was validated by a study of an existing case. By numerical calculation, the air flow rates through openings and the effective ventilation flow rates in buildings were compared. Effects of various influencing parameters, such as wind speed, opening location, opening area and aspect ratio of windward wall on ventilation efficiency were evaluated. An estimated mixing coefficient has been established by the modelling, which would be beneficial for the predication of the short-circuit ratio of ventilation rate through openings.

Analysis of Ventilation Efficiency and Effective Ventilation Flow Rate for Wind-driven Single-sided Ventilation Buildings