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A new technique of residual-type a posteriori error analysis is developed forthe lowest-order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element discretizations ofconvection-diffusion-reaction equations in two- or three-dimension. Bothcentered mixed scheme and upwind-weighted mixed scheme are considered. The aposteriori error estimators, derived for the stress variable error plus scalardisplacement error in $L^{2}$-norm, can be directly computed with the solutionsof the mixed schemes without any additional cost, and are robust with respectto the coefficients in the equations. Local efficiency dependent on localvariations in coefficients is obtained without any saturation assumption, andholds from the cases where convection or reaction is not present to convection-or reaction-dominated problems. The main tools of analysis are thepostprocessed approximation of scalar displacement, abstract error estimates,and the property of modified Oswald interpolation. Numerical experiments arereported to support our theoretical results and to show the competitivebehavior of the proposed posteriori error estimates.

New residual-based a posteriori error estimators for lowest-order Raviart-Thomas element approximation to convection-diffusion-reaction equations