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Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine) which can be ubiquitouslyfound in energy drinks, sodas, coffee, and supplements, isone of the principal legal drugs consumed worldwide. Caffeinebased ergogenic aids are utilized prolifically within trainingand competition for an ergogenic benefit to enhance sportingperformance by both recreational and elite athletes. Theevidence of caffeine's ability to enhance endurance performanceis well established, however, evidence of an ergogenic benefitfor muscular endurance and strength-based tasks is limited.Moreover, the limited evidence for caffeine’s ergogenic benefitin muscular endurance and strength is equivocal, and therefore,practical recommendations for the implementation of caffeinesupplementation in training and competition for coaches, andpractitioners is difficult. Indeed, it is currently not known if, andhow caffeine may improve muscular endurance and/or strengthbased tasks. Variability in the findings could be due to severalfactors including muscles tested, participant characteristics,exercise protocol, type and dose of caffeine used. This briefreview will discuss the current literature relating to the potentialefficacy of caffeine to enhance muscular endurance andstrength based performance, and provides evidence basedrecommendations for athletes and coaches to implement

Caffeine Supplementation as an Ergogenic Aid for Muscular Strength and Endurance: A Recommendation for Coaches and Athletes