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For the current development direction of "low-input & sustainable agriculture", water and agro-chemicals need to be applied accurately according to actual situations in fields, pastures, and forests. Variablerate technology (VRT) is increasingly being paid attention to in the field of agricultural engineering. In such an application, features of spray targets should inspected continuously, and be used as the foundation to optimize application operation and adjust spray volume and spray characteristics, so as to improve the effectiveness and accuracy application. The VRT in Accurate water-saving irrigation refers to a process, in which for fields and soil categories with different conditions the data acquired using advanced information acquisition techniques and equipment’s are processed and analyzed, then the input instructions for variable rate applicator are given to the actuator to implement variable input actions so as to control the spray volume of nozzles in real-time. VRT is a technique of precision management implemented on arable land in order to maximize the yield of crops. Compared with the traditional large-area uniform spraying technique, the variable-rate spraying technology (VRST) can achieve water-saving irrigation, reduce operation costs, and alleviate the pollution to the environment [1]. Due to VRST is widely used in crop farming, animal husbandry, horticulture and forestry, the research and development (R&D) on variable-rate control and actuating mechanism is getting more and more attention and more and more relatively mature VRST systems have been developed based on techniques of information acquisition and real-time sensor [2].

Variable-rate Technology: A Critical Element in Precision Water-saving Irrigation