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Copyright: © 2012 Liu Z. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Evidence has established the protective effect of folic acid fortification and periconceptional supplementation on neural tube defects. A large and growing body of compelling evidence from both epidemiological and pre-clinical studies also indicates that adequate folate status, and possibly in combination with other one-carbon nutrients, is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal carcinogenesis [1,2]. Evidence is still accumulating in support of these claims, but some recent studies raise warnings in regard to the safety for use folate as a chemopreventive component. Not to mention some null observations [3,4], it is important to point out that some studies suggest that overly abundant intake of folate may paradoxically promote tumor progression if administered in an inopportune time when an individual already has harbored foci of precancerous or cancerous cells [5-8]. To fully take advantage of this chemopreventive agent and avoid its cancer-promoting effect (though more studies are needed to confirm), research is urgently needed to understand specific molecular mechanisms by which these paradoxical effects are mediated.

One-Carbon Vitamins, Epigenetic/Genetic Integrity and Colon Cancer: Research is Needed to Understand the Effect on Tumorigenic Signaling Pathways