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Background: Hearing loss is a problem with higher incidence in South Asia, Asia Pacific and sub-SaharanAfrica. In these countries there is also associated history of anemia and malaria.Objective: This study aims to identify a putative role of Beta globin mutation - sickle cell trait and HL in São Toméand Príncipe population.Methods: A retrospective case-control study of a convenience sample was collected during OtolaryngologistHumanitarian Missions in São Tomé and Príncipe. Control group includes individuals with normal hearing in bothears, and the case group has participants presenting bilateral or unilateral HL. It was evaluated the potential riskfactors and sickle cell trait with HL, as well self-report of malaria infection, consanguinity, familial history of HL. TheHbS gene point mutation (Glu6Val) was determined by PCR-RFLP.Results: Our results showed a statistical significance between HL - oral language and self-report of HL. Takenaltogether, our data did not reveal association between sickle cell trait and HL. However, a statistical associationbetween HL and self-report of malaria was found.Conclusion: No association between sickle cell trait and the high prevalence of HL was found. Self-report ofMalaria was found as a risk factor for the development of HL in São Tomé and Príncipe population. The multifactorialprofile of HL shall not exclude the relevance of other etiologic factors than Malaria to justify the high prevalence ofHL in São Tomé and Príncipe and further investigation must be applied.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sickle Cell Trait, Malaria and Sensorineural Hearing Loss–A Case-Control Study from São Tomé and Príncipe