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In the present study the impact on gut microbiology and indigenous gut histology of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.) was investigated following feeding of a control and a prebiotic (EWOS prebiosal®) diet and ex vivo exposureto saline or the probiotic bacterium Carnobacterium divergens. The results showed that ex vivo exposure of C.divergens at 108 CFU ml-¹ did not cause cell damage to the intestine tract of Atlantic salmon. Furthermore, priorprovision of dietary prebiotic elevated the ability of C. divergens to adhere to the epithelium or mucus layer inthe proximal intestine, where culturable heterotrophic bacterial levels (which were identified as C. divergens)were elevated by 234% compared to the control. This effect was not apparent in the distal intestine. The ability ofisolated carnobacteria from the ex vivo experiment to inhibit growth of two fish pathogenic bacteria (Yersinia rückeriand Aeromonas salmonicida ssp. salmonicida) was assessed. Extracellular products from all 11 of the isolatedcarnobacteria strains, plus the type strain Carnobacterium inhibens CCUG 31728, inhibited the in vitro growth ofY. rückeri. However, only extracellular products from C. divergens isolate 57 inhibited the growth of A. salmonicid

Evaluation of Prebiotic and Probiotic Effects on the Intestinal Gut Microbiota and Histology of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)