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Background: One of key functions in the pathogenesis of anaphylaxis is held by platelet-activating factor (PAF). However, no research on detection of transcriptional activity of PAF-acetylhydrolase gene (PLA2G7) in patients with anaphylaxis has been held so far. The aim of this study is to evaluate transcriptional activity (expression at mRNA level) of PLA2G7 gene (plateletactivating factor acetylhydrolase) in patients with a history of anaphylaxis. Methods: 97 children were enrolled in the study: 27 children with a history of food anaphylaxis (group 1); 35 children with atopic dermatitis (group 2); 35 children without allergic diseases (group 3). Group 3 children were tested with Phadiatop and Phadiatop Infant (“Phadia 100”; “Phadia AB”, Sweden): 26 children were IgE-negative, 9 children were IgE-positive. RNA was extracted from blood samples with Trizol RNA Prep kits (“Isogen”, Russia). cDNA production was performed with MMLV RT kit (“Evrogen”, Russia). Real-time PCR was held with CFX-96 device (“Bio-Rad”, USA) and qPCRmix-HS PCR mix (“Evrogen”, Russia). Oligonucleotide primers and probes were synthesized at “DNKSintez” (Russia). Results: In children with a history of food anaphylaxis statistically significant decrease in PLA2G7 gene expression was detected (p<0.05) in compare with children free of allergic diseases. Transcriptional activity of PLA2G7 was significantly lower in children with severe anaphylaxis and in children with moderate anaphylaxis in compare with mild anaphylaxis children (p<0.05). In moderate/severe anaphylaxis children PLA2G7 expression was more than three times decreased in compare with atopic dermatitis children (p<0.05). In children with anaphylaxis characterized by clinical symptoms of cardiovascular manifestations the PLA2G7 expression level was significantly reduced in compare with anaphylaxis children free of cardiovascular symptoms (p<0.05). Conclusion: Reduction of blood cells PLA2G7 mRNA level in children with a history of food anaphylaxis may be considered to be a biomarker of severe anaphylaxis.

Platelet-Activating Factor-Acetylhydrolase Gene (PLA2G7) Expression in Children with a History of Food Anaphylaxis