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The northwestern margin of the Mascarene Basin is preserved within a southeasterly dipping homocline in the Oak Bay area of southwestern New Brunswick. The Mascarene Group in this area comprises up to 600 m of massive, resedimented conglomerate of the Oak Bay Formation and approximately 4200 m of volcanic and resedimented volcaniclastic and siliciclastic sandstone and mudstone of the conformably overlying Waweig Formation. The Waweig Formation is formally subdivided into three members: a lower volcaniclastic- and felsic volcanic-dominated Campbell Point Member (-600 m thick), a medial grey to black shale- and mafic volcanic-dominated Sawyer Brook Member (-300 to 600 m thick), and an upper siliciclastic-dominated Simpson Comer Member with minor associated volcanic rocks (-3000 m thick). Five lithofacies recognized in the well-exposed Campbell Point Member include: (i) bedded tuffaceous sandstone fades, (ii) chaotic tuffaceous sandstone facies, (iii)waterlain pyroclastic facies, (iv) medium- to thick-bedded sandstone fades, and (v) thin-bedded mudstone facies, all of which are products of sediment gravity flows. The massive conglomerates of the Oak Bay Formation were deposited as debris flows contemporaneous with faulting along the margin of the basin. Strata within the homocline possess a pervasive S1 cleavage oriented approximately 35° oblique to bedding and a locally developed S2 cleavage; minor folds are rare and folds related to S1 are absent.   Correlation with a more complete Siluro-Devonian sequence in an adjacent fault block in Maine suggests that the Oak Bay and Waweig formations are Late Silurian (Ludlovian-Pridolian). The volcanic centres in Maine were potential sources of much of the epiclastic and pyroclastic detritus in the Waweig Formation. Distinctive stratigraphic sections in more highly deformed fault blocks farther to the southeast attest to the composite architecture of the Mascarene Basin. Existing paleontological evidence may indicate that subsidence of these blocks occurred progressively later to the northwest as a result of sequential downfaulting.   Consideration of the regional relationships between the Mascarene Basin with respect to the St. Croix Terrane and Fredericton Trough to the northwest and the New River Terrane to the southeast suggests that the basin developed by back-arc rifting from the Silurian to Early Devonian and was flanked by a Late Ordovician to Silurian volcanic arc (Kingston Arc) to the southeast.   RESUME  Dans la region d 'Oak Bay au sud-ouest du Nouveau Brunswick, la marge nord-ouest du bassin Mascarene est preervee dans un homoclinal inclinee vers le sud-est. Dans cette zone, le groupe de Mascarene comprend jusqu'a 600 m de conglomerat massif, re-sedimente provenant de la Formation d 'Oak Bay et d'approximativement 4200 m de roche volcanique en plus de gres et de roche argileuse re-sedimente volcaniclastique et siliciclastique derivant du recouvrement de la formation Waweig. La formation de Waweig est formellement subdivisee en trois membres: Membre de Campbell Point, un volcaniclastique infeYieur avec une dominance volcanique felsique (-600 m d'dpaisseur), un Membre du Ruisseau Sawyer, un schiste gris medial au noir avec une dominance volcanique mafique (-300 a 600 m d'epaisseur), et un Membre de Simpson Corner, domind par un siliciclastique superieur associee de faible roche volcanique (-3000 m d'epaisseur). Cinq facies suffisamment expose ont ete identifies dans le Membre de Campbell Point: (i) facies de couche tuface, (ii) facies d'ardnacd chaotique tuface, (iii) facies pyroclastique depose dans I'eau, (iv) facies d'ardnacd d'une epaisseur moyenne a eleve et (v) facies de mince couche de roche argileuse. Ceux-ci sont des depots produit par des ecoulements de gravite. Les conglomerats massifs de la Formation d 'Oak Bay ont ete depose par des coules de debris contemporain au faille le long de la marge du bassin. Les strates dans 1'homoclinal possedent un clivage dominant S1 avec une orientation oblique au lit de 35° et un clivage S2 developpe localement. Les plis mineurs sont rares et les plis lids au S1 sont absents.  La correlation avec une sequence plus complete de Siluro-Devonien dans un bloc faille adjacent au Maine suggere que les formations d'Oak Bay et de Waweig soient fin Silurien (Ludlovian-Pridolian). Les centres volcaniques au Maine etaient des sources potentielles d'une grande partie du detritus epiclastique et pyroclastique dans la formation de Waweig. Les sections stratigraphiques distinctives dans les blocs failles, fortement deforme, plus loin au sud-est certifient a l'architecture composee du bassin de Mascarene. L'evidence paleontologique existante peut indiquer que l'affaissement de ces blocs s'est produit progressivcment plus tard au nord-ouest en raison de faille sequentiel.   La consideration des rapports regionaux entre le bassin de Mascarene en rapport au Terrane de St-Croix et le Creux de Fredericton vers le nord-ouest et le Terrane de New River vers le sud-est suggere que le bassin a ete developpe par une derive d'arriere-arc du silurien au devonien precoce et a ete flanquee au sud-est par un arc volcanique Ordovician tardif au Silurien (Kingston Arc).   [Traduit par la redaction]

atlantic geology

Stratigraphy, sedimentology and structure of the Oak Bay and Waweig formations, Mascarene Basin: implications for the paleotectonic evolution of southwestern New Brunswick