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The coastal cliffs along the eastern shore of Chignecto Bay, Nova Scotia contain one of the finest Carboniferous sections in the world. In 1843, Sir William Logan measured the entire section as the first project of the Geological Survey of Canada, and defined eight stratigraphic divisions. We have re-measured a section corresponding almost exactly with Logan’s Division 5 in bed-by-bed detail. The strata are exposed in the wave-cut platform and low-relief bluffs of a 2 km-long section at Lower Cove, near Joggins, north and south of Little River. This 635.8 metre-thick succession until now has been included within the basal part of the Joggins Formation, and overlies the Boss Point Formation. However, the studied strata are lithologically distinct, and are formally recognized as the new Little River Formation. This formation is bounded by regionally important surfaces and is traceable inland for 30 kilometres from its Lower Cove type section. Facies analysis indicates that it represents the deposits of a well-drained alluvial plain dissected by shallow rivers characterized by flashy flow. It can be clearly distinguished from the underlying Boss Point Formation (Logan’s Division 6) by its much smaller channels, and from the overlying Joggins Formation (Logan’s Division 4) by lack of coal seams and bivalve-bearing limestone beds. Palynological assemblages indicate that the Little River Formation is of probable late Namurian to basal Westphalian (basal Langsettian) age, and is a likely time-equivalent of the informal Grand-Anse formation of southeast New Brunswick.  Resume  Les falaises cotieres longeant le rivage oriental de la baie Chignectou, en Nouvelle-Ecosse, abritent l’un des stratotypes carboniferes les plus interessants dans le monde. Sir William Logan avait mesure en 1843 l’ensemble du stratotype dans le cadre du premier projet de la Commission geologique du Canada et il avait defini huit divisions stratigraphiques. Nous avons mesure a nouveau un stratotype correspondant presque exactement dans ses details couche par couche a la division 5 de Logan. Les strates affleurent dans une plate-forme d’erosion et des falaises de relief emousse d’un secteur de deux kilometres de longueur a l’anse Lower, pres de Joggins, au nord et au sud de la riviere Little. Cette succession de 635,8 metres d’epaisseur avait jusqu’a maintenant ete incluse a l’interieur de la partie basale de la Formation de Joggins et elle recouvre la Formation de Boss Point. Les strates etudiees sont cependant lithologiquement distinctes et on les reconnait officiellement en tant que nouvelle Formation de Little River. Cette formation est limitee par des surfaces importantes a l’echelle regionale; on peut la retracer a l’interieur des terres sur 30 kilometres a partir de son stratotype de l’anse Lower. Une analyse du facies revele qu’il represente les depots d’une plaine alluviale bien drainee, sectionnee par des rivieres peu profondes caracterisees par des crues eclair. On peut nettement la distinguer de la Formation sous-jacente de Boss Point (division 6 de Logan), grâce a ses canaux beaucoup plus petits, ainsi que de la Formation sus-jacente de Joggins (division 4 de Logan), par l’absence de couches houilleres et de couches de calcaire abritant des lamellibranches. Les assemblages palynologiques revelent que la Formation de Little River remonte probablement a la periode du Namurien tardif au Westphalien basal (Langsettien basal) et qu’elle constitue vraisemblablement un equivalent chronologique de la Formation officieuse de Grande-Anse dans le sud-est du Nouveau-Brunswick.

atlantic geology

Stratigraphy and sedimentology of early Pennsylvanian red beds at Lower Cove, Nova Scotia, Canada: the Little River Formation with redefinition of the Joggins Formation