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The silviculture applied in the Quercus robur L. forests is well developed in countries where the species has economic importance. The situation in NW Spain is different, as there is little knowledge about the silviculture to apply. Coppice forest predominates and requires continual management otherwise the stands will age and stagnate. Many of these forests have been intensively exploited, and in many cases inappropriate treatments have been used. Recently, as a result of rural depopulation, there has been a change from overexploitation to a lack of intervention. Their management must now be carried out in accordance with silvicultural criteria and environmental restrictions. Our hypothesis is that the environmental conditions do not preclude the application of an alternative silviculture to obtain more gainful outputs rather than with the traditional. To obtain the mosaics which Q. robur is present the Forest Map of Spain was asked, and the sampling zones were selected. Representative oak stands were chosen to dispose the resulted 39 plots. Once were replanted, a floristic inventory was carried out and abiotic-biotic data were recorded. The results show that with lower values of the altitude, slope and distance to the sea, the density is greater, and the best sites for Q. robur correspond to thalweg or intermediate slope with an oceanic influence. In these zones, the climatic characteristics combine optimally higher minimum temperature, lower thermal amplitude and higher precipitation. Alternative treatments must be proposed, which will range from a conversion to high forest to recovery of the stands by reforestation.

Pedunculate or common oak (Quercus robur L.) silviculture in natural stands of Galicia (NW Spain): environmental restrictions