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This article discusses the situation of the coal mining business in Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra. The main problem in this article is what are the dual opposite impacts from the existence of coal mines business in Muara Enim regency, South Sumatra in the Reformasi era (around 1998-2018). Muara Enim Regency is already famous for being one of the largest coal producers in Indonesia. The biggest company that does coal mining in Muara Enim is PT. Bukit Asam (PT.BA). But PT.BA is not the only party involved in the coal business in Muara Enim Regency. In the Reformasi era, there were many private companies engaged in the coal mining business, including the people of Muara Enim itself which also involved personally in this business (Tambang Rakyat). From the economics side, coal mining increases the income of those who involved in it, especially most people who previously were farmers turned into miners. But on the other hand, this business also has several negative impacts, especially those related to the environment and infrastructure in Muara Enim Regency itself. The dualism of the impact that results from this business is interesting to be discussed from a historical perspective. This article also supported by a variety of primary sources such as archives and newspapers throughout the days as referent materials, and other relevant sources.

The Dualism Impact in Coal Business in Muara Enim Regency (South Sumatra Province) in The Reformasi Era