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1 . Introduction Landslides are the commonest type of slope disasters that occur when snow falls and melts in the snowy areas on the Sea of Japan side in Japan. This is partly because the Neogene stratum, which is geologically susceptible to landslides, is distributed throughout this side of Japan. The precipitation is heavey in winter1), and the increase of pore water pressure in the slip plane due to ground infiltration of water from the snow melt and the development of excessive pore water pressure from the force exerted by the thick snow cover also help to cause landslides2). Landslides are thought to occur when the underground shearing stress exceeds the shear resistance given by the following equation representing Fellenius method for slope stability analysis (Fig. 1)3).

Geohistorical Background of Landslides Occurrences in Snowy Areas on the Sea of Japan Side in Japan