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Background: Oxidative stress is a multifactorial global health disorder that disrupts all levels of cell function. Therefore, therapeutic intervention using reliable, affordable and non-toxic natural sources is crucial. Aim: The aim of this article was to determine the chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of 10 essential oils (EOs) from Calophyllum inophyllum Linn using 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) methods. Setting: Plant sample was collected at the Botanical Garden, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Extractions and antioxidant assay were performed at the Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis was carried out at the School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Italy. Methods: The chemical constituents were determined using GC-MS. The oils were extracted using an all-glass Clevenger-type apparatus and the antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH and hydrogen peroxide assays. Results: A total of 102 compounds were identified in EOs from C. inophyllum Linn, which are mostly monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and their oxygenated derivatives. The oils exhibited concentration-dependent activity with reference to standard synthetic antioxidants. Root wood had the highest antioxidant activity with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 3.19 mg/mL compared to ascorbic acid (2.84 mg/mL) and butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) (2.97 mg/mL). In the H 2 O 2 antioxidant assay, root wood had the highest antioxidant activity with IC 50 of 2.78 mg/mL compared to ascorbic acid (2.20 mg/mL) and BHA (2.92 mg/mL). Conclusion: The in vitro chemical compositional analysis of EOs from C. inophyllum Linn confirms the presence of compounds responsible for the antioxidant properties of the plant.

journal of medicinal plants for economic development

Antioxidant assessment of characterised essential oils from Calophyllum inophyllum Linn using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and hydrogen peroxide methods