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Background:  The rapidly growing use of herbal drugs or supplements in complementary and alternative medicine as substitute for orthodox medicine both in developed and developing countries is fast gaining ground. Aim:  This study evaluated both qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents of  Diodia scandens  and  Phyllanthus amarus  vis-a-vis their synergistic effects on clinically isolated staphylococci. Methods:  A total of 200 wounds and burns samples were obtained from patients in the accident and emergency unit of different tertiary hospitals. Staphylococci were isolated and characterised using standard microbiological procedures. Whole plants of  D. scandens  and  P. amarus  were Soxhlet extracted with absolute ethanol. The phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration and bactericidal effect of the combined extracts were determined. Results:  The phytochemicals present in  D. scandens  include saponin (6.58%), tannin (2.27 mg/100g), alkaloids (10.53%) and phytin phosphorus (1.80 mg/g), while phytochemicals in  P. amarus  include saponin (9.99%), tannin (5.82 mg/100g), alkaloids (9.67%) and phytin phosphorus (2.44 mg/g), revealing their antibacterial properties and phytonutrients. The combination study showed that a synergistic effect exists between the two plants on the isolates tested compared with individual extracts alone at the concentrations used. Conclusion:  It is noteworthy that the traditional use of these plants was not only confirmed but the combination of  D. scandens  and  P. amarus  also proved more effective as antibacterial agent compared with a previous study on the same plants using single determination.

journal of medicinal plants for economic development

Phytochemical and antibacterial properties of &lt;i&gt;Diodia scandens&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Phyllanthus amarus&lt;/i&gt; on staphylococci isolated from patients in tertiary hospitals in Nigeria