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Occultism in Africa is as old as the primal religion itself, or what  came to be known as African Traditional Religion (ATR) in mo- dern times. It dates back to time immemorial. Occultism in  Africa has taken various forms and has manifested in different  ways over the ages, i.e. spiritism, divination, witchcraft and ma- gic. The underlying premise of African occultism is the belief in  a spiritual world with spiritual forces that have  power to inflict  harm on the living. In the traditional African worldview suffering  of every sort – illness, barrenness, drought and death – is nor- mally explained in personal terms: “there is always somebody”.  This “somebody” often belongs to the world of the occult: a  “spirit” has brought pain to human beings and must therefore be  repelled or accommodated. This is very common among the  Vhavenda-speaking people of the Limpopo Province. This ar- ticle seeks to investigate how  occultism is practised among  these people and to provide a reformed perspective as to how  people who are suffering under demonic attacks can be helped.  Contrary to other Christian traditions that see exorcism as the  only way out, reformed theology suggests a missio-pastoral  approach in dealing with the problem

Occultism in an African context: a case for the Vhavenda-speaking people of the Limpopo Province