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Aquatic invertebrates and algae are largely used in ecotoxicology studies. Laboratories spend large amounts of resources to maintain, grow and breed organisms. One of the most time-consuming tasks involves quantifying cultures and their feed (e.g. algae and plankton) densities. New and emerging approaches for estimating plankton concentrations have been adopted to overcome the limitations of manual counting, such as coulter counter, optical particle counter, and digital zooplankton image analysis. However, automated systems have some limitations (e.g. volume analysed) and can show higher variability than manual counts.1 In some situations estimating the number of organisms in a population still requires manually counting specimens. It has been demonstrated during the last decades, that the accuracy of the estimation density of algae and invertebrates is a function of the sample size, the volume of the concentrated sample, the fraction of the concentrated sample that is counted; it could also be related to samples counted by different people.2-6 Counting large volumes (0.5-1 L) should be ideal to get a good estimation of the plankton density but could require a team of analysts and becomes time-consuming and very expensive. Based on these issues, the field of ecotoxicology could benefit from a mechanized device that quickly and accurately estimates large volume samples. One such instrument is the XperCount (XPC), an optics-based device developed by XpertSea Solutions Inc. in collaboration with leaders in the aquaculture industry and Aquarium du Québec. The XPC can count thousands to millions of small aquatic organisms within a few seconds and can analyze volumes up to 10 L in a single measurement. The goal of this paper is to present the potential of the XPC for reducing variability in population size estimation of live aquatic cultures. Materials and Methods

The XperCount, a fast and cost-effective method for the enumeration of organisms in environmental media