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Invasive fungal disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonate. The current study aims to assess the 1, 3-ßD-Glucan (BG) assay in a prospective analysis in neonates with suspected fungaemia. A multicentre, prospective cohort study was conducted in Johannesburg, South Africa. The study included 72 neonates with clinically suspected late onset sepsis who were at high risk of fungaemia. A BG assay was performed on each patient and correlated with a sepsis classification based on the full blood count, C-reactive protein and blood culture results as no fungaemia, possible fungaemia, probable fungaemia or definite fungaemia. Sensitivity and specificity of the BG assay at levels of 60pg/ml are 73.2% and 71.0% respectively and at levels of 80pg/ml are 70.7% and 77.4% respectively. Positive and negative predictive values at 60pg/ml are 76.9% and 66.7% respectively and at 80pg/ml are 80.6% and 66.7% respectively. The area under the receiver operating curve is 0.753. The BG assay is a useful adjunct to the diagnosis of invasive fungal disease in neonates. It does, however, need to be considered in the context of the clinical picture and supplementary laboratory investigations

Serum 1,3-βD-Glucan Assay in the Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease in Neonates