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In the present study, we carried out a detailed light microscopy investigation of the cytochemical properties of the haemocytes of the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri, using new cytochemical stains and enzymatic markers, a panel of antibodies and lectins as probes to characterise Botryllus blood cells further. Results indicate that lymphocyte-like cells are circulating undifferentiated cells recognised by anti-CD34 antibody and there are at least two defined haemocyte differentiation pathways: i) phagocytes, represented by hyaline amoebocytes and macrophage-like cells, which share similar staining properties, the same hydrolytic enzyme content as well as the presence of detectable cytochrome-c-oxidase activity, recognition by anti-CD39 and Narcissus pseudonarcissus agglutinin; ii) cytotoxic cell line, represented by granular amoebocytes and morula cells which have vacuoles stained by Ehrlich’s stain and Neutral Red; DOPA-containing protein are present inside morula cell vacuoles. Pigment cells and nephrocytes are involved in catabolite storage but their relationships with other cell types are less clear

Cytochemical properties of Botryllus schlosseri haemocytes: indications for morpho-functional characterisation