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Devonian fishes of the Michigan Basin are poorly documented; however, recent fieldwork has demonstrated a relatively rich vertebrate fauna in both the Middle and Upper Devonian sediments. The current study presents the first of this material, with description of a new species of Diplognathus Newberry, Diplognathus lafargei n. sp., from the Antrim Shale (Upper Devonian). Based on a single specimen, Diplognathus lafargei possesses a number of derived features that help to determine its phylogenetic assignment. Fused occlusal and non-occlusal regions of the inferognathal indicate a eubrachythoracid arthrodiran level of organization. Within this clade, the form of the suborbital (elongated anterior process beneath the orbit and a reduced posterior portion) and posterior ventrolateral (elongated) plates indicates assignment to the aspinothoracid arthrodires. Assignment to Diplognathus is based on the large portion of the inferognathal occupied by the occlusal region (about 58.1%) and the possession of well-spaced and relatively large denticles (teeth) on the gnathal plates. Characterizing the new species, Diplognathus lafargei, is the depth of the inferognathal relative to the type species, Diplognathus mirabilis; the proportions of the occlusal surface for the superognathals, with the poste- rior superognathal much longer than the anterior superognathal (opposite to that in Diplognathus mirabilis); and the form of the posterior ventrolateral plate. Diplognathus is assigned to the Aspinothoracidi (Arthrodira) incertae sedis.

Diplognathus lafargei sp. nov . from the Antrim Shale (Upper Devonian) of the Michigan Basin, Michigan, U.S.A.