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Comparison between pareiasaurid materials from Aceguá, originally assigned to Pareiasaurus americanus, and a new cranium from Posto Queimado indicates that they belong to the same taxon. Despite their size difference, the skulls from these localities show similarities in the maxillary dentition and dermal bone ornamentation. Dental and cranial characters confirm the difference between the Brazilian pareiasaurid and the South African Pareiasaurus, supporting the proposed allocation of the Brazilian form in the genus Provelosaurus. The Brazilian pareiasaurid has autapomorphies in the shape of the squamosal and the morphology and placement of the quadratojugal bosses. The presence of the same pareiasaurid in Posto Queimado and Aceguá strongly indicates that these faunas are contemporaneous. The record of dinocephalians and pareiasaurids in Posto Queimado suggests a correlation of the Posto Queimado-Aceguá assemblage with the Guadalupian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of South Africa and Isheevo Assemblage of Eastern Europe. The presence of amphibians tentatively assigned to archegosaurids at Aceguá fauna however, represents a conflict because the last global record of this family is known from the Ocher fauna from Eastern Europe, which is regarded older than the South African Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone. Finally, the identity of fragmentary remains from the Brazilian Early Triassic assigned to pareiasaurids, is questioned.

Pareiasaurids from the Rio do Rasto Formation, Southern Brazil: biostratigraphic implications for Permian faunas of the Paraná Basin