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espanolRESUMEN. Los registros de las pruebas de susceptibilidad in vitro realizadas entre 2008 y 2015 fueron revisados retrospectivamente con el fin de evaluar los perfiles dinamicos de posibles cambios en la resistencia antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus aureus aislados de muestras de leche de vacas con mastitis subclinica de 12 provincias uruguayas. Se analizaron los resultados de 1.631 aislamientos mediante la tecnica de difusion en disco para la susceptibilidad a penicilina y eritromicina. La posible tendencia o cambios en el comportamiento de este patogeno frente a la penicilina y la eritromicina en el periodo de ocho anos se evaluo utilizando las pruebas de chi-cuadrado para la tendencia y la homogeneidad. La mayor tasa de resistencia se observo para penicilina (36,9% en 2010), mientras que eritromicina mostro una tasa de resistencia significativamente menor (5,7% en 2015). El resultado de la prueba de tendencia fue significativo, indicando una disminucion de la resistencia a la penicilina, mientras que para la eritromicina se observo una tendencia a aumentar la resistencia. Determinar el alcance del problema es esencial para la formulacion y el seguimiento de la respuesta eficaz a la resistencia antimicrobiana (RAM). La evaluacion de antibioticos en Uruuguay esta siendo revisada con el objetivo de limitar la prescripcion de antibioticos a los profesionales capacitados para seleccionar una terapia exitosa eligiendo la droga apropiada y la duracion del tratamiento de acuerdo con cada situacion. Generar conocimientos con informacion especifica del pais respecto de la magnitud y las tendencias del problema de RAM debe ser una prioridad. EnglishABSTRACT. Records of in vitro susceptibility tests performed between 2008 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed in order to evaluate the dynamic profiles of possible changes in antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk samples of cows with subclinical mastitis from 12 different Uruguayan Provinces. The results of 1,631 isolates tested by disk diffusion technique for susceptibility to penicillin and erythromycin were analysed. The possible tendency or changes in the behaviour of this pathogen against penicillin and erythromycin in the 8 year period was evaluated using the chi-square tests for trend and the homogeneity. The highest rate of resistance was observed for penicillin (36.9% in 2010), while erythromycin showed a resistance rate significantly lower (5.7% in 2015). The test for trend showed a significant trend towards decreased resistance to penicillin, whereas for erythromycin an increased resistance trend was observed. The determination of the scope of the problem is essential for the formulation and monitoring of effective response to anti-microbial resistance (AMR). Antibiotic assessment in Uruguay is now being reviewed with the objective of limiting antibiotics prescription to professionals trained to select a successful therapy, choosing the appropriated drug and treatment duration according each situation. To generate knowledge on the magnitude and tendency of the AMR problem using country-specific information must be a priority.

Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus associated with subclinical and clinical mastitis in Uruguay during an eight-year period