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The history of Jose Maria Caro is similar to those of other historical communities located in the periurban area of Santiago labelled as critical neighborhoods because of violence and social conflicts. In this context, how is it possible that a critical neighborhood has led one of the most important social movements of the last decade? By analyzing the political process carried out by the Coordinadora de Pobladores Jose Maria Caro (2005-2007), this paper provides elements to understand this paradox, thus allowing a deeper insight into the so-called "community fragmentation" of these neighborhoods and the reconstruction of social movements 20 years after the end of the military regime. This research concludes that residents do not movilize to overcome shortcomings, but to retain what they have achieved over time. Poor people from past times have a new status in relation to the exclusionary neoliberal city, a space that makes them feel privileged of having something to fight for, but paradoxically turns them into vulnerable individuals. It is in this point when collective action is reconstructed.

La reconstrucción de movimiento social en barrios críticos: El caso de la "Coordinadora de Pobladores José María Caro" de Santiago de Chile