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We studied the abundance, phytogeographycal origin, biological spectrum and the habitats of the aquatic macrophyte flora in the limnic (lotic and lentic) wetlands and in salt marshes of the Aisen Region, Chile. We found 86 species of vascular macrophytes including in 54 genera and 33 families. Only 8 species are abundant (Myriophyllum quitense, Potamogeton stenostachys, Glyceria multiflora , Hippuris vulgaris, Marsippospermum grandiflorum , Tetroncion magellanicum, Scirpus californicus and Gunnera magellanica), most of them occurring in swampy habitats from the river banks. Of the total species number, 73 are native and 13 introduced, indicating little human disturbance in those wetlands. The biological spectrum consists of 54 perennial herbs (hemicryptophytes) and 23 tall herbs with underwater rhizomes and aerial culms (cryptophytes). The tall perennial herbs (chamaephytes) are represented by 6 species and the annuals (therophytes) by 3. Sixty seven swampy emergent forms (helophytic) and 19 species of aquatic plants (submerged, with floating leaves and free floating hydrophytes) were collected. The wetlands with higher species richness were the lowland ponds with 44 species and streams with 37 species. Small stands of coastal marshes were the only brackish habitat studied here, containing 5 halophytes (Cotula coronopifolia, Puccinellia glaucescens, Triglochin concinna, Ruppia filifolia y Zannichellia palustris). We analyzed the historical development of the knowledge of the aquatic macrophytes in the Aisen Region, concluding that the most of the species had been prospected before. Only Veronica Anagallis-aquatica and Lycopus europaeus, can be considered as newly introduced neophytes, being the first an invasive species. Finally, we discuss the results compared with those found in aquatic environments in other water bodies from northern parts of central Chile.

Diversidad, hábito y hábitat de Macrófitos acuáticos en la Patagonia occidental (Región de Aisén, Chile)