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espanolRESUMEN Producir leche de cabra con altos estandares en zonas aridas y deserticas es una mision dificil. Los alimentos y el agua dulce son escasos y las altas temperaturas y baja humedad afectan finalmente el rendimiento lechero. Ademas, los ganaderos locales tienen escasos conocimientos tecnicos sobre la cria de cabras y sus procesos de manejo han sido transmitidos a traves de las generaciones principalmente para auto-subsistencia. Por lo tanto, ?Cual es el primer paso para mover esta actividad de auto consumo hacia una actividad productiva con ganancias economicas? Nosotros proponemos una respuesta; a traves de la seleccion o creacion de la cabra adecuada a este ambiente y que produzca entre 2-3 litros de leche por dia y con alto contenido de proteina. En esta revision analizamos la diversidad de tipos de cabra, su genetica y otras caracteristicas productivas sobre la produccion de leche de cabra. Especial enfasis fue hecho acerca del polimorfismo del gen αS1-caseina, su efecto sobre la calidad de la leche y las caracteristicas de algunos tipos de cabra que habitan en zonas aridas y deserticas. EnglishABSTRACT Produce goat milk with high standard in arid and desert zones is a difficult mission. The food and freshwater are scarce and high temperatures and low humidity finally affect milk yield. In addition, local cattle rancher has scarce technical knowledge about goat breeding and its management has been transmitted through generation mainly for auto-subsistence. Therefore, What is the first step to move this auto-consuming activity into to a profitable activity with economics gain?. We propose ; through the selection or creation of the right goat type well adapted to this environment and capable of produce between 2-3 L·d-1 of goat milk with high content of proteins. In this review we analyses the diversity of goat type and its genetics and other productive characteristic over milk production. Especial emphasis about αS1-casein gene polymorphism, its effect on quality milk and the characteristics of some goat types that habit in arid and desert zones, was discussed.

Goat type: The key factor to produce goat milk with economic profitable purpose in arid and desert zones