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Representation spatial accuracy of geographic elements in a Geographic Information System (GIS) database is subject to errors generated in the processes of data capture and processing, which is in evidence when more exact information is integrated. Error quantication is fundamental when the decision-making is based on the information available. The study establishes a methodology to determine and compare the representation error of geographic elements in the vector and raster models. Database includes point, line and polygon elements that represent real objects which are a tower, a road and a parcel. This information was obtained from land measurements with Global Positioning System (GPS) that were processed to obtain vector layers. Later, the convert of vectors layers into raster layers was made using pixel resolutions of 5, 10 and 20 meters. By means of a mathematical algorithm homologous coordinates between the elements represented in both models were determined. From the euclidean distance between homologous coordinates, a mean error of representation for each model was obtained that soon was used to make a statistical comparison analysis of space accuracy between models. The obtained results indicate that there are not signicant differences between mean errors of vector and raster models, but there are differences between mean errors of the raster layers at different resolutions.

EXACTITUD ESPACIAL EN LA CREACIÓN DE BASES DE DATOS SIG MODELOS RÁSTER Y VECTORIAL