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Gray mold (GM) caused by Botrytis cinerea is a major disease of grapes ( Vitis vinifera ) that substantially reduces the yield and quality of grape production in temperate and humid regions of the world. B. cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus that attacks the non-lignified aerial organs of grapes; in particular, berries are highly susceptible during ripening. The polycyclic nature and exponential progress exhibited by GM at the beginning of the its epidemic, as well as the abundant inoculum production, the high dissemination efficiency, the wide host range and the high genetic variability of B. cinerea , explain the difficulties encountered in attempting to control GM. At present, integrated disease management, including cultural and chemical control, is the main control strategy. These control measures can be used to reduce the initial inoculum or to lower the disease infection rate. However, control measures that reduce the infection rate are the most effective means of controlling GM. Important progress toward understanding the complexity of the biology and epidemiology of this pathogen has occurred in recent decades. This has allowed the improvement and development of more effective and sustainable control strategies against B. cinerea . This review article provides a recent update regarding grape GM, with special emphasis on Chilean production conditions. La pudricion gris (PG) causada por Botrytis cinerea, es una de las principales enfermedades de la vid ( Vitis vinifera ) que limita la produccion y reduce los rendimientos y la calidad de la fruta en zonas templadas y humedas a nivel mundial. B. cinerea es un hongo necrotrofo que ataca organos aereos no lignificados de la vid, siendo las bayas altamente susceptibles durante la maduracion. La naturaleza policiclica y el desarrollo exponencial de las epidemias de PG, junto con la abundancia de inoculo, la eficiente dispersion mas el amplio rango de hospederos y gran variabilidad genetica que presenta B. cinerea, explican las dificultades para lograr un control satisfactorio. Ante lo cual se hace necesario realizar una estrategia de control integrado que incluya medias de control cultural y quimico. Estas medidas pueden estar orientadas a reducir el inoculo inicial o la tasa de progreso de la enfermedad, siendo las medidas de control destinadas a reducir la tasa de progreso las que mas aporta al control de PG. En las ultimas decadas se han producido importantes progresos en el conocimiento de la compleja biologia de este patogeno y de los aspectos epidemiologicos de la PG. Esto ha permitido mejorar las estrategias de control logrando alternativas mas efectivas y sustentables. En este articulo se revisan los aportes cientificos recientes realizados en relacion con la PG de la vid, teniendo especial enfasis en la situacion del vinedo chileno.

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea limits grape production in Chile