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Propolis has been used for millennia for its antimicrobial and pharmaceutical properties, whereas its use as an agricultural antifungal agent has only recently been assessed. The chemical characteristics of six ethanolic extracts of Chilean propolis (EEP-1 to EEP-6) were evaluated. The total polyphenols ranged between 7.8 and 42.3 mg mL-1 equivalents of a 2:1 pinocembrin: galangin standard, and the total flavonoid contents ranged between 4.0 and 19.7 mg mL-1 equivalents of quercetin. A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis allowed the identification of caffeic acid, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, pinocembrin, galangin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and rutin. The EEP-3 extract was selected for additional studies based on the higher total polyphenols and flavonoids contents (42.3 and 19.7 mg mL-1, respectively). The antifungal effects of four different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 %) of EEP-3 on Alternaria alternata, Fusarium sp ., Ulocladium sp ., Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum and Trichoderma reesei were evaluated in vitro using the agar dilution method. Although significant differences occurred among the extract concentrations, the results indicated that EEP-3 inhibited the mycelial growth of the six fungi evaluated. El propoleo ha sido utilizado por el hombre desde hace milenios por sus propiedades antimicrobianas y farmaceutica. Sin embargo, su uso como un agente antifungico agricola solo recientemente ha sido evaluado. Con el objetivo de estudiar su capacidad antifungica se caracterizaron quimicamente seis extractos etanolicos (EEP1-EEP6), comercializados en la Region de La Araucania. Se evaluo el contenido de polifenoles y flavonoides totales presentes en los EEP, estos presentaron concentraciones de polifenoles totales en un rango de 7,8 a 42,3 mg mL-1 equivalentes de la mezcla pinocembrina: galangina 2:1, y de flavonoides totales en un rango que vario entre 4,0 y 19,7 mg mL-1 equivalentes de quercetina. Analisis por cromatografia liquida de alta resolucion (HPLC) permitio la identificacion del acido cafeico, miricetina, quercetina, kaempferol, apigenina, pinocembrina, galangina, ester del acido cafeico (CAPE) y rutina. Se selecciono el EEP-3, pues presento las mayores concentraciones de polifenoles y flavonoides totales 42,3 y 19,7 mg mL-1, respectivamente. El efecto antifungico de cuatro diferentes concentraciones (0,5; 1,0; 2,5 y 5,0%) del EEP-3 sobre los hongos Alternaria alternata, Fusarium sp., Ulocladium sp.,  Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum y Trichoderma reese i, fue evaluado in vitro mediante el metodo de dilucion en agar. Se presentaron diferencias significativas entre las concentraciones de extracto ensayadas. Los resultados indican que el EEP-3 inhibio el crecimiento micelial en los seis hongos evaluados.

The in vitro antifungal evaluation of a commercial extract of Chilean propolis against six fungi of agricultural importance