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Chile is the largest producer and exporter of blueberries in the southern hemisphere. During the 2006-2007 growing season, blueberry production increased in Chile as a result of an expansion of the planted area, reaching around 10,762 ha in 2007. Fungal diseases are of great importance in blueberry production; among them, Phytophthora root rot is a disease known worldwide as a major cause of death for highbush blueberry plants in the USA. Symptoms of Phytophthora root rot have been detected over the last four years in Chile. Nevertheless, the causal agents have not been previously described in Chile. This study aims to determine the pathogenicity of Phytophthora spp. isolated from highbush blueberry and to study cultivar susceptibility. The pathogenicity tests show that the species P. cinnamomi and P. citrophthora were the cause of crown and root rot of highbush blueberry. Signifi cant differences in plant height, shoot growth stem diameter, and fresh weights of roots and aerial parts between inoculated and non-inoculated plants were observed. Blueberry cv. ‘Toro’ was the only cultivar resistant to P. cinnamomi, while both ‘Elliot’ and ‘Toro’ were resistant to P. citrophthora. Regardless of the Phytophthora species, cv. ‘Biloxi’ was the most affected. This is the fi rst report of Phytophthora root rot in Chile and, to our knowledge, the fi rst report of P. citrophthora affecting blueberry plants worldwide. Chile es el principal productor y exportador de arandanos del hemisferio sur. Durante 2006-2007, la produccion de arandanos (Vaccinium spp.) aumento en Chile, como resultado de una expansion de la superfi cie plantada, alcanzando 10.762 ha en 2007. Las enfermedades fungosas tienen gran importancia en esta especie frutal siendo la pudricion radical producida por Phytophthora una de las principales causas de muerte de plantas de arandano alto en EUA. Durante los ultimos cuatro anos, se han detectado arandanos con pudricion radical en huertos de la region de Valparaiso, Chile, aislandose en todas ellas Phytophthora spp. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivos determinar la patogenicidad en arandano alto de aislamientos de Phytophthora spp., y evaluar la susceptibilidad de cultivares de arandanos actualmente plantados en Chile. De este modo, se demostro la patogenicidad de aislamientos de P. cinnamomi y P. citrophthora , los que causaron pudricion al cuello y raices en arandano alto. Existio una diferencia signifi cativa entre las plantas inoculadas y las plantas testigo, para las variables altura de planta, crecimiento de brotes, diametro del tallo, peso fresco de raices y de parte aerea. En relacion con P. cinnamomi solo el cultivar ‘Toro’ fue resistente, mientras que los cultivares ‘Elliot’ y ‘Toro’ mostraron resistencia a P. citrophthora, siendo cv. ‘Biloxi’ el cultivar mas afectado por P. citrophthora. De acuerdo con nuestro conocimiento, este es el primer reporte de P. citrophthora como causante de pudricion al cuello y raices en arandano a nivel mundial y el primer trabajo que describe la pudricion del cuello y de las raices por Phytophthora en Chile.

Crown and root rot of highbush blueberry caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. citrophthora and cultivar susceptibility