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Dictionaries use the obsolescence mark to indicate, in addition to the possible process of lexical mortality, the restricted use of certain words in certain discursive contexts. All these possibilities uncover a problem of investigation that is specified in the ignorance of how these words are used in the texts generated in different linguistic areas of America. In this work, we propose that it is possible to provide synchronic data that clarifies the above by recognizing the parameters with which the obsolescent voices appear in the current texts. To this end, an empirical case study research has been designed with a lexicon of obsolete American words obtained from the Diccionario de Americanismos. Subsequently, a textual search of those voices that were possible to document in the Corpus del espanol del siglo XXI was realized. These are ninety-eight obsolescent voices that we analyze according to the variables fiction / non-fiction, geographical, number of documents and their different frequencies. The results show that some lexical units are used exclusively in a textual typology, but the most numerous group appear in general way. In addition, the similarity in texts between neighboring linguistic areas is evident, with the exception of Mexico, Central America, Caribe and Rio de la Plata. Our exploration is a contribution to the characterization of lexical Americanism from the synchronic textual foundation.

Fundamentación textual en el Corpus del español del siglo XXI (CORPES) del americanismo obsolescente. Variables de un estudio de caso